Articles in this section
Thirteen articles covering the spectrum of spinal degenerative pathology — from disc nomenclature to myelopathy.
- 01→
Degenerative Disc Disease
Overview of disc degeneration
- 02→
Disc Bulge vs Herniation
Standardized nomenclature
- 03→
Disc Protrusion
Focal disc extension with intact base
- 04→
Disc Extrusion
Disc material beyond the annulus
- 05→
Disc Sequestration
Free disc fragment
- 06→
Annular Fissure
Tears in the annulus fibrosus
- 07→
Cervical Disc Herniation
Cervical-specific disc pathology
- 08→
Lumbar Disc Herniation
Lumbar-specific disc pathology
- 09→
Thoracic Disc Herniation
Less common but high-stakes
- 10→
Far Lateral Disc Herniation
Extraforaminal herniation, exiting root
- 11→
Spinal Stenosis
Classification and grading
- 12→
Cervical Spinal Stenosis
Cord-at-risk narrowing
- 13→
Lumbar Spinal Stenosis
Most common indication for spine surgery
- 14→
Central Canal Stenosis
Cord and cauda compression
- 15→
Lateral Recess Stenosis
Traversing root compression
- 16→
Foraminal Stenosis
Exiting root compression
- 17→
Spondylosis
Overall spinal wear-and-tear
- 18→
Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy
Cord compression from spondylosis
- 19→
Osteophyte Formation
Bony reactive spurs
- 20→
Facet Arthropathy
Facet joint osteoarthritis
- 21→
Facet Synovial Cyst
Juxtafacet cyst causing radiculopathy
- 22→
Spondylolisthesis
Anterior slip — Meyerding & Wiltse
- 23→
Degenerative Spondylolisthesis
Intact pars, L4–L5 in older women
- 24→
Isthmic Spondylolisthesis
Pars defect at L5–S1
- 25→
Modic Endplate Changes
Types 1–3 endplate signal changes
- 26→
Schmorl Nodes
Vertical disc herniations through endplate
- 27→
Vacuum Disc Phenomenon
Gas within a degenerated disc
- 28→
Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH)
Flowing anterolateral ossification
- 29→
Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament (OPLL)
Ectopic ossification within the canal
- 30→
Ligamentum Flavum Hypertrophy
Posterior contributor to stenosis
- 31→
Baastrup Disease
“Kissing spines” — interspinous bursitis